Air Pollution Water and Soil Pollution Sources

Air Pollution Water and Soil Pollution Sources and Consequences including Human Diseases Air Pollution Sources.
 Air pollution : AirPollution is defined as Presece of any materials in the air in such a concentration which is harmful to man and environmental Air pollutants can include almost any natural or artificial substance which are air borne as solid particles, liquid droplets and gases of combination of these forms There are hundreds of pollutants have been identified and fall into the following major categories : solids,sulphur compounds, volatile organic chemicals, nitrogen compounds,oxygen compounds, halogen compounds, radioactive compounds and odour.

Sources of Air Pollution : There are two major sources of the air pollution.
(a) Air pollutants from natural sources :  



1. From Volcanoes : Dust, ashes, smoke, carbon-dioxide and other gases.
2. From extra-terrestrial body ; Cosmic dust, dusts produced due to collision of asteroids, meteors, comets etc.
3. From green plants : Vapour through evapotranspiratlon,pollen of plant flowers, carbon-dioxide from bacteria.
4. From land sources : Salts-sprays from seas and oceans, dusts and soil particles from ground surface.
5.Forest fires : Releases pollutants like carbon-dioxide, sulphur-) dioxide etc

(b) Air pollutants from Anthropological or man-made sources : 

1. Automobile : Automobiles are major source of air pollution.The major emission after combustion of fuels are carbon-monoxlde (CO), unburned hydrocarbons (HC), oxides of nitrogen (Noxsulphur- dioxide and other like formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, acrolein bezaldehyde Among these participates, lead is the mayor significant  toxic compound. Indian petrol contains a high percentage of lead,whose emission leads to lung diseases and cancer.

2. Thermal Power Plants : The coal is used for energy generation in Thermal power plants. The fly ash, soot and sulphur-dioxide are major pollutants from thermal power station. The sulphur content of Indian coal is less than one. per cent But this coal contains high i amount of ash, which is in the range of 25 - 40%. Fly ash from power station reduces visibility and contains trace amount of chromium, arsenic, cadmium, mercury, lead and manganese.

3. Fertilizer Factories : Fertilizer plants produces large quantities of air pollutants. Some of these are fluorine, ammonia, sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and particulate matters.

4. Textile Mills : The major air pollutants from textile milks are cotton dust, smoke and other combustion wastes, kerosene or naphtha vapours sulphuric acid nitrogen oxide, chlorine, formaldehyde etc. The surrounding of textile milks are generally dusty with deposits of cotton fluff. Continuous Inhalation of cotton fluff causes lung disorders.

5. Nuclear Reactions : During nuclear fission and fusion reactions radioactive substances like U-239 and n-231 are released zn environment. These substances are very long life in 

environment and are not destroyed easily. Generally air pollution results from a variety of causes,not all of which are within human control. Dust storm in desert areas and smoke 

from forest fires and grass fires contribute to chemical and particulate pollution of the air. THE sources of pollution may be in one country but the Impact of pollution may be felt 

elsewhere. The researcher discovers the contents of pesticides in Antartica where they are never been used, suggests the extent to which aerial  transportation can carry pollutants from one place to another.